>Soon enough. It won't just be them.
I see, so half a year isn't "soon enough" for you
Good job so far regardless, your "level headed" take on things is great to see so I'm sure the paleo community is quaking in their boots
>Why is it no bird has ever turned feathers into scales?
Aside from you dismissing any evidence that stands against your argument as false with 0 evidence, the obvious being scales on bird feet, just because they haven’t doesn’t mean it’s literally impossible that it’s ever happened. Birds don’t deviate from having feathers vs scales a whole lot, certainly not to the extant that non avian dinosaurs did. You as well argue that it’s impossible for amphibian skin to turn into reptilian scales given enough time because no modern amphibian has done so
>Last reply. Now be silent.
go fuck yourself idiot >Yes, and you fucking lost.
so you admit you've been shitting up the board for the last 3 years at least and the last 10 by my recollection.
>knows of bugguy
Do you know something about paleoschizo? If he's pushed far enough, he turns into one of the psychotic anti-dog posters. I believe he's the one that mostly just says "BARK BARK SNIFF BUTT EAT POOP MAUL TODDLER" and calls everyone a dogfucker. This is known, from IP wipe timestamps, to also be a pro-cat and anti-cat troll and a zoophile that tried to shit up /dog/.
>Do you know something about paleoschizo?
I know his full name, the name of his parents, where he's worked in the past, who he knows in the paleo community, and his home address.
and yes, I suspect he's also the same troll in lots of other threads. He disappears when they get banned.
>I know his full name, the name of his parents, where he's worked in the past, who he knows in the paleo community, and his home address.
Post them come on
This dude literally just comes on Wauf every day to post lies. It's like a full time job for him. While he doesn't have the slightest clue about anything about me, HE on the other hand has routinely posted selfies...for some inexplicable reason. Even when people told him to stop.
I meant find a way to get him off Wauf without killing him. Maybe gaslight him into moving on to youtube's comment section. Or facebook.
>he doesn't have the slightest clue about anything about me,
so you weren't the anon in the crocodile scales thread some years back?
because I know exactly who he is, and you talk just like him and say you're him. You're even repeating his argument word for word.
5 months ago
Anonymous
Nope, that's not me.
5 months ago
Anonymous
so it's just a coincidence that you were in that thread and are now repeating his arguments word for word?
Like there's a bunch of retards that have been on Wauf for years and don't know that mosaic scales are just cracked keratinized skin?
that's what you're saying?
again, using the wrong name for things ID's you every fucking time.
5 months ago
Anonymous
Kek, he's not me.
Nope, that's not me.
You stole my (you).
5 months ago
Anonymous
kek
multiple anons pretending to be the schizo so they can deny being the schizo
5 months ago
Anonymous
Kek, he's not me.
[...]
You stole my (you).
>I'M SPARTICUS to piss off the NPCs
Lol thanks for the laugh, guys.
>he doesn't have the slightest clue about anything about me,
so you weren't the anon in the crocodile scales thread some years back?
because I know exactly who he is, and you talk just like him and say you're him. You're even repeating his argument word for word.
How many times have you been told. There is more than one person on Wauf.
5 months ago
Anonymous
I was being sarcastic
I know all the anons pretending to be you so they can pretend not to be you are just you pretending to be other anons pretending to be you so they can pretend not to be you.
He's possibly THE troll, you can tell with some trolls because they have a cycle, when one thing stops getting them gratification and they get BTFO it's on to the next thing, and suddenly their other threads die, and threads that were made nearly daily cease, until the new thing gets old. Snapshot is one for instance. He also makes anti-pitbull threads, and doesn't do his usual low IQ spam. There's also a few /dog/ and /cat/ posters who have a clear neurotic troll cycle with repetitive subjects. If you pay attention you know which dogs and cats are theirs. Some of them have a feeling that people know they know that people know and have adjusted accordingly.
I think it's a way to cope with negative feelings like stress, self hatred, insecurity, paranoia, or depression but I'm not 100% sure it's not just plain schizophrenia.
I think you're right, and I know you're right about him being the dog troll because we've both seen him go off about dogs.
a long time ago he name-dropped a famous paleontologist that he worked with. I mentioned to him that that person is a personal and professional friend of mine. So I called my buddy up and confirmed what the anon had told me.
long story short, yes. He is diagnosed schizophrenic. As far as I know he is medicated. He's just always like this.
I think you're right, and I know you're right about him being the dog troll because we've both seen him go off about dogs.
a long time ago he name-dropped a famous paleontologist that he worked with. I mentioned to him that that person is a personal and professional friend of mine. So I called my buddy up and confirmed what the anon had told me.
long story short, yes. He is diagnosed schizophrenic. As far as I know he is medicated. He's just always like this.
but then he does something stupid like admitting he was in the crocodile scales argument years back.
forgetting that I know who I was arguing with in that thread. I know him by name.
You have the power to save Wauf from dog hate, cat hate, bestiality, 4chan rants, fake paleo news, and god knows what else
godspeed man, godspeed, i hope you find a way
5 months ago
Anonymous
>You have the power to save Wauf from dog hate, cat hate, bestiality, 4chan rants, fake paleo news, and god knows what else
nah, I'm not going to do anything to him.
I give him constant shit but I don't actually dislike the guy. I feel bad for him sometimes.
5 months ago
Anonymous
I meant find a way to get him off Wauf without killing him. Maybe gaslight him into moving on to youtube's comment section. Or facebook.
5 months ago
Anonymous
oh, he's been here almost as long as I have, and I've been here forever. Nothing I can do would get rid of him aside from ignoring him for a couple years. And I'm not even sure that would work.
5 months ago
Anonymous
What do you have to lose by just not responding? Also, a little gaslighting goes a long way. I could offer my services. You've given enough information already that you wouldn't have to divulge anything. This image should tip you off as to who you are speaking with.
Just say the word.
5 months ago
Anonymous
not you.
oh, he's been here almost as long as I have, and I've been here forever. Nothing I can do would get rid of him aside from ignoring him for a couple years. And I'm not even sure that would work.
don't contact that guy except to ask him not to, he went way too far with his last target and the poor man was beaten and disowned by his entire family
5 months ago
Anonymous
>What do you have to lose by just not responding?
outside of a lunatic assylum, where else am I going to find mentally ill people voluntarily telling me how they think about pretty much any prompt at length, for years on end, without murdering me mid-observation?
I have a clinical interest in the anon, and he obliges me.
not you.
[...]
don't contact that guy except to ask him not to, he went way too far with his last target and the poor man was beaten and disowned by his entire family
>the poor man was beaten and disowned by his entire family
not necessarily an outcome I disagree with for a number of users here.
>LARP.
assuming he's also Morrisonbro I know exactly who he is.
he denies being Morrisonbro but he forgot I was arguing with Morrison in the scales thread years back and took credit for that. Also he reads exactly like my old buddy Morrison. I don't think anyone could even copy that style of retardation. It's far too specific for the average schizo/autist to pull off.
If you go through the archives you'll see that Morrisonbro not only gave more than enough info to dox him, but he also writes exactly like the paleschizo, and has been posting exactly as long in exactly the same threads using the exact same arguments.
the only question I actually have about the ID of the paleoschizo is if he's also bugguy.
I know he's Morrisonbro because he admitted it. But bugguy reads just like him despite supposedly living in a different country. They both have the same vocabulary, syntax, and mental lacunae. And they both hate cats, pit bulls, and paleontology.
he's probably a bot, but if so it's the same bot with slightly different biographies. Also the pics of bugguy look suHispaniciously like me.
He's an NPC so he doesn't understand what he does. But the reason EVERYTHING has been turned into a left vs right struggle is because literally that is how communists take over societies. Every aspect must be under their dominion because they know the truth isn't with them. If even one arena of human life becomes a source of skepticism or free speech, it's only a matter of time before the whole fucking thing comes imploding down. That's why literally nothing is safe. That's why we need to "queer" children's shows. That's why peanut butter and jelly sandwiches are "racist". That's why "Burgers?" That's why just existing while being white is "violence".
>ith density-adjusted body partitions and avian-like internal air space, the flesh model of S. aegyptiacus has a body mass of 7390 kg >literally almost 1000 kg less than the latest estimates for Giganotosaurus, which are almost 1000 kg less than the latest estimates for Scotty
Spinosisters... it's fucking over
Introducing the new dinosaur: Qingchengxotyrannus.
It was twice the size of T. rex, lived in herds, had feathers even in the roof of its mouth, and lived in the Triassic. Also it had horns and a bony crest on its head and spikes on its tail.
Brought to you by the most trusted Chinese scientists.
Hey, paleoNPC, since you're always so certain that scientists not being arrested all the time is proof they're not lying, tell me how many of the scientists involved in this scam ever served jail time?
true story, I'm the guy he calls paleoNPC and I used to be called paleoschizo years ago on this board.
that was until our new, much more schizophrenic guy showed up and took the title from me. In fact I'm not really schizophrenic at all, while that guy is actually schizophrenic by his own admission.
also yes, he's an NPC insofar as he doesn't have an original idea in his head. Most of his opinions are just exaggerations of stuff I've said here. That's why I suspect he's actually a chat bot. He's just me but 1000 times louder.
I'm not schizophrenic by my own admission. You're just a reddit gay so you have "MEDS!!" tourrettes. You also love lying about anyone that disagrees with you.
I don't understand why they didn't run any calculus on the acuatic hypothesis until now. Why propose that the tail was enough to give it thrust in water then? Is ibrahim a hack?
>float along river surface slowly >spine and long face moving slowly toward prey at the rivers edge is potentially enough to not disturb prey drinking from river a la a crocodile >attack prey like crocodile minus the death roll because you're a ten ton, sixty foot death machine
it's that simple folks
>large, vertical slab of what looks like ribbed wood floats towards you >you, a large herbivore wonder wtf it is >eh who gives a shit, probably just woo--ACK
a green striped spino would make sense if the fauna and river, general enviroment looked like this. the sail could flush different colours were it able to run a certain amount of blood toward it for mating purposes? either that or it was an anchor for the tail
>the sail could flush different colours were it able to run a certain amount of blood toward it for mating purposes?
I recall this was also a hypothesis for stegosaurus' plates? >either that or it was an anchor for the tail
I don't really get what you mean by this
6 months ago
Anonymous
>I recall this was also a hypothesis for stegosaurus' plates?
yeah I verbatim stole it from one of my childhood dinosaur books lmao, would make sense I think >I don't really get what you mean by this
that tail was huge, maybe the sail acted as a counter balance for it or helped to anchor the connective muscles?
6 months ago
Anonymous
>that tail was huge, maybe the sail acted as a counter balance for it or helped to anchor the connective muscles?
I can see that being the case, the other spinosaurids like suchomimus and baryonixs that don't have a sail (or it looks to be small) seem to have a smaller tail in proportion to their size in comparison to spinosaurus. Then having both the tail and the sail become selected at the same time is logical.
6 months ago
Anonymous
>I recall this was also a hypothesis for stegosaurus' plates?
yeah I verbatim stole it from one of my childhood dinosaur books lmao, would make sense I think >I don't really get what you mean by this
that tail was huge, maybe the sail acted as a counter balance for it or helped to anchor the connective muscles?
To add, theropods had flat surfaced tails with huge muscles that were wagged in order to help maintain the angular momentum while running so it kinda makes sense that spinosaurus specialized that trait and used the tail as a propeller in water to make short bursts of speed kinda like how a crocodile did.
We already knew this 3 years ago though. When the majority of the fossils have been found in shallow deltas it was pretty clear it was just a river gator with a fan on its back
What amuses me about the Spinosaur is the sheer level of autism in terms of morphology the people developed around it's diet.
Like as soon as they found out it ate fish they seemed to be hellbent on twisting it into a crocodile or wierd dinosaur seal instead of just assuming it filling a niche already filled by a large predator we have today with the Grizzly Bear.
It's like they literally could not concive that a dinosaur would hunt fish like a Grizzly bear, it MUST be a crocodile.
It's so weird how Baryonyx is literally just a Spinosaurus without the sail, to the point it's a direct relation but for some reason they went maximum autismo and decided "nah these two extremely close species actually look nothing alike"
That's not exactly true either to be fair. There was like 30 million years between them and even if the alligator/hippo/whatever theories are wrong Spinosaurus looked wacky as fuck in comparison.
Neither of those is correct. Spinosaurus is far more like a croc than a bear. Its jaw structure makes it clear that it's hyperadapted to piscivory. And you can literally watch the sail evolve over time through different Spinosaurids. The only thing I take issue with is how insane Ibrahim went in making the thing look like it couldn't exist in our dimension.
Oh it likely absolutely did spend a shit ton of time in water. Baryonyx was probably more heron-like, but through Suchimimus to Spinosaurus the trend is definitely headed in a crocodile analog direction.
>super unstable in the water
What if it had a built in super computer allowing it to become super mobile thanks to its inherent instability like a fucking jet fighter plane.
This dinosaur is proof that paleontologist are all retards with over inflated egos who have no idea what the fuck they're talking about but still pretend they have the absolute truth in their hands right now
I expect it to grow wings with another reconstruction by 2024
Yeah, any other animal would be considered aquatic with all the the hint we got.
But since it's Spinosaurus, some autist are raging because it wasn't like in JP3.
>What are the chances the vertebrae are from something like a sauropod
Basically zero. "Worst" case scenario they're from another spinosaurid or possibly (possibly) another related therapod.
the vertebrae were assigned to 3 different species of dinosaurs after Ibrahim initially published them as Spinosaurus. This was possible because Ibrahim lied about finding the vertebrae himself. In reality he bought them off some fossil dealers and had basically no knowledge whether they belonged to one animals or not.
After that Ibrahim went back and did some digging on his own where the fossil dealers said the bones were found. Among other things he found an articulated tail that went with the hips the fossil guys had sold him. This indicated that the fossil dealers were telling the truth about at least some of the skeleton, and might have been right about all of it.
It's still possible the thing is a mashup of several dinosaurs. Likely even. But we'll never know until another one is found, because there's no real reason to trust Moroccan fossil dealers or Ibrahim.
I mean how can people take this guy seriously when he buys stuff from Moroccan fossil dealers? Is the paleontology scene that desperate for news? Its like watching Wauf go apeshit at fake/possibly real leaks. Another more on topic analogy that comes to mind is chinese fake fossils. But somehow people just give Ibraim a pass cause he had some amount of confirmation bias when he found more fossils?
What you fail to realize is a lot of paleontology includes questionable interactions with the private market. That's basically then entire story of why china can't be trusted.
6 months ago
Anonymous
Yeah it was probably a stupid question. The whole field is based on speculation and trusting the location where stuff was found.
6 months ago
Anonymous
>The whole field is based on speculation and trusting the location where stuff was found.
It's literally not.
you can't get paleontology published without recording where stuff is found.
Unless you're Ibrahim and you lie about it. But he got punished for that. He's still being punished for that.
6 months ago
Anonymous
A good example of how this is wrong was Falcarius. It originally showed up as illegally collected fossils at a gem and mineral show. The scientist that noticed it couldn't publish it because it wasn't collected properly. He had to convince the guy that found it to show him where it came from and only then could he actually publish the animal. He had to go to the rocks and dig up new examples of the species himself with other people to witness it.
What Ibrahim did only worked because he lied, and even then the lie was quickly noticed and corrected by going back to the site and digging up new bones.
6 months ago
Anonymous
I mean Ibrahim is one of the people that got caught. I could argue this happens more times than it gets found out. Still thats a problem with every field. I recall hearing about some paleontologists lieing about the source of their fossils just so they could argue they were a 'new species' instead of just a young specimen of a known species.
6 months ago
Anonymous
Not entirely, but moreso than most realize. The private market is actually beginning to totally take over paleontology even in America though and that's a serious issue.
>The whole field is based on speculation and trusting the location where stuff was found.
It's literally not.
you can't get paleontology published without recording where stuff is found.
Unless you're Ibrahim and you lie about it. But he got punished for that. He's still being punished for that.
>you can't get paleontology published without recording where stuff is found.
Lol. You can just say shit. Who's going to question you? Literally nobody if china's involved or some other BRICS shithole. That would be racist.
A good example of how this is wrong was Falcarius. It originally showed up as illegally collected fossils at a gem and mineral show. The scientist that noticed it couldn't publish it because it wasn't collected properly. He had to convince the guy that found it to show him where it came from and only then could he actually publish the animal. He had to go to the rocks and dig up new examples of the species himself with other people to witness it.
What Ibrahim did only worked because he lied, and even then the lie was quickly noticed and corrected by going back to the site and digging up new bones.
>The scientist that noticed it couldn't publish it because it wasn't collected properly.
That's only because he was being honest. He could have just lied and said it was from china and nobody would've questioned. Rare moment of moral clarity for a paleontologist.
6 months ago
Anonymous
>Xu Xing is a co-author of the paper suggesting that it’s a composite
I thought you didn’t trust anything he said
6 months ago
Anonymous
He does this pretty often actually. That doesn't excuse his bullshit. I figure it's like the archaeoraptor thing. If he "exposes" enough fraud, his "work" will be taken more seriously.
6 months ago
Anonymous
I mean that's literally how all western paleontologists use archaoraptor. "Oh well, we exposed one, therefore there has never been any other fraud from china that has ever slipped by anyone QED. THE SCIENCE IS SETTLED!!!"
6 months ago
Anonymous
>oh well we exposed one, therefore the rest of the feathered fossils must also be fraud
6 months ago
Anonymous
Can you imagine if feathergay logic was attempted in court?
>Yes your honor, I have been formerly convicted of selling drugs, but THOSE drugs aren't mine, I swear!
>Who's going to question you?
that goes back to replication which you love to yammer about.
if you lie about where you found it, nobody else will find other fossils like it at the same spot, and the study can't be repeated. In real life people almost never lie because they know someone is going to check what they say by going to the spot and digging some more.
[...] >I could argue this happens more times than it gets found out.
yep
this is an argument from ignorance because the average toad here doesn't know that we can check rocks at a molecular level and see where they came from.
>if you lie about where you found it, nobody else will find other fossils like it at the same spot
Lolwut? You act like this is damaging to paleontology. Most species are from fragmentary remains that have only been found once. I don't even understand how anyone would be the wiser.
>In real life people almost never lie
I think I've come to understand something about why STEMfags are so legendarilly delusional and wrong all the time. You're all humanists. You literally believe in the divine infallibility of man. That's why you can't imagine corruption or deceit playing any role in any scientific endeavor, despite the entire STEM operation being fucking lousy with the shit. I would say this is a very childlike mentality, but children learn to overcome their ignorance. This is scientism cult shit.
>this is an argument from ignorance because the average toad here doesn't know that we can check rocks at a molecular level and see where they came from.
You have so much faith in such a fallible art. It would almost be sad if you weren't such a deranged zealot of untruth.
6 months ago
Anonymous
99.9% of scientists have never been convicted of lying, and the 00.1% that are convicted are good evidence that you can't get away with it.
cope, seethe, dilate
6 months ago
Anonymous
>If i pull numbers out of my ass people will think I'm right
If this was Wauf you would be laughed at. But yeah I don't get the point of arguing if scientists lie or not.
6 months ago
Anonymous
>If this was Wauf you would be laughed at.
not at all
most of those 00.1% of academic frauds wind up on Wauf. They know how often people get convicted for that kind of thing.
6 months ago
Anonymous
Of course there's no point. We all know they do it. That's why we'll have to hear "moderate drinking is best" for the rest of our lives.
>If this was Wauf you would be laughed at.
not at all
most of those 00.1% of academic frauds wind up on Wauf. They know how often people get convicted for that kind of thing.
Lol you dumb moron. Wauf has actual STEM posters. They know full well modern science is fucked. When you bring up the replication crisis here, everyone acts like you took a photo up their skirt. When you do it there, they all just acknowledge it's tiresome and we've all had to put up with it.
6 months ago
Anonymous
>99.9% of scientists have never been convicted of lying, and the 00.1% that are convicted are good evidence that you can't get away with it.
5 months ago
Anonymous
>dilate >said the chud
Oof!
6 months ago
Anonymous
>Who's going to question you?
that goes back to replication which you love to yammer about.
if you lie about where you found it, nobody else will find other fossils like it at the same spot, and the study can't be repeated. In real life people almost never lie because they know someone is going to check what they say by going to the spot and digging some more.
I mean Ibrahim is one of the people that got caught. I could argue this happens more times than it gets found out. Still thats a problem with every field. I recall hearing about some paleontologists lieing about the source of their fossils just so they could argue they were a 'new species' instead of just a young specimen of a known species.
>I could argue this happens more times than it gets found out.
yep
this is an argument from ignorance because the average toad here doesn't know that we can check rocks at a molecular level and see where they came from.
6 months ago
Anonymous
>this is an argument from ignorance because the average toad here doesn't know that we can check rocks at a molecular level and see where they came from.
Your argument is actually more ignorant though. Paleontologists don't date stuff on Radiometric isotopes alone, they aren't perfectly accurate. Fuck, plain carbon dating is not that accurate and it works on smaller time scales. They need to take into account the geologic layer in which the fossils were found and that means knowing in what geographical place they were dug from as well as looking at what other stuff that was found with them in that layer.
6 months ago
Anonymous
I'm not talking about dating
If you say you found a rock in your back yard I can run a spectroscopic analysis of the rock and then one of your back yard and know for a fact if you're telling the truth or not.
Can you imagine if feathergay logic was attempted in court?
>Yes your honor, I have been formerly convicted of selling drugs, but THOSE drugs aren't mine, I swear!
[...] >if you lie about where you found it, nobody else will find other fossils like it at the same spot
Lolwut? You act like this is damaging to paleontology. Most species are from fragmentary remains that have only been found once. I don't even understand how anyone would be the wiser.
>In real life people almost never lie
I think I've come to understand something about why STEMfags are so legendarilly delusional and wrong all the time. You're all humanists. You literally believe in the divine infallibility of man. That's why you can't imagine corruption or deceit playing any role in any scientific endeavor, despite the entire STEM operation being fucking lousy with the shit. I would say this is a very childlike mentality, but children learn to overcome their ignorance. This is scientism cult shit.
>this is an argument from ignorance because the average toad here doesn't know that we can check rocks at a molecular level and see where they came from.
You have so much faith in such a fallible art. It would almost be sad if you weren't such a deranged zealot of untruth.
same info, different ignoramus ^
6 months ago
Anonymous
Jokes on you, that rock wasn't from my backyard, I took it from my neighbour whose garden has a similar ground composition.
6 months ago
Anonymous
>I took it from my neighbour whose garden has a similar ground composition.
yep, the resolution is only good within a few hundred meters, so it's possible you got it next door.
6 months ago
Anonymous
Yes but can you run one on your dick and your mother's to see if you're related?
Do you honestly think paleontologists are religiously flying halfway around the world to analyze a rock to see if a few vertebrae came from a certain region? You sycophants almost never check each other's work to begin with. The only time you ever even disagree with anyone in paleontology is when they defy the feather orthodoxy. Otherwise you're content with a pile of papers all contradicting each other, so far as they don't commit that trendy cardinal sin. I see similar behavior in other life sciences and I'm equally disgusted with it there. The only time anyone's work gets checked is when they defy something religiously fashionable. Otherwise, everyone just pats them on the back and they all jerk each other off.
6 months ago
Anonymous
you don't know if we test stuff or not
that's why it's argument from ignorance.
hell, you don't even know that we CAN test that.
Of course there's no point. We all know they do it. That's why we'll have to hear "moderate drinking is best" for the rest of our lives.
[...]
Lol you dumb moron. Wauf has actual STEM posters. They know full well modern science is fucked. When you bring up the replication crisis here, everyone acts like you took a photo up their skirt. When you do it there, they all just acknowledge it's tiresome and we've all had to put up with it.
the fact that Wauf agrees with you is solid evidence they're a bunch of larpers.
6 months ago
Anonymous
>you don't know if we test stuff or not
Of course I do, I'm a fucking biologist. Oh yes, sometimes people try to test their peers' results but *points to replication crisis* have you been keeping up the past 30 years?
>the fact that Wauf agrees with you is solid evidence they're a bunch of larpers.
No, you fucking gay. It's proof Wauf is a board for shitwits. I just happen to be real fucking autistic about Dinosaurs.
6 months ago
Anonymous
>sometimes people try to test their peers' results
it's not peer's results we're talking about. It's fossil dealers and I guaranfuckingtee you we test what they have to say.
also you're not a biologist or you'd know a "replication crisis" isn't possible in descriptive biology. Either a bone has a certain feature or it does not, and anyone can look at it and see. Also you're retarded, retards don't get biology degrees.
6 months ago
Anonymous
>we test what they have to say
What you think you're the fucking Bene Gesserit now?
>also you're not a biologist or you'd know a "replication crisis" isn't possible in descriptive biology.
Oh give it a fucking rest already. Your kind handwave the replication crisis at every opportunity because parasites like you couldn't exist without it.
> Either a bone has a certain feature or it does not
Oh NOW you just want to look at the fossils without all the bullshit and asspull theory. Amazing how that works.
replication crisis means when you run the exact same experiment with the exact same data and get different results. Not conclusions, results.
No scientist would make such a stupid and childish error as not knowing the difference between results and conclusions. You are no scientist.
You mean literally like the two papers you cited that contradict each other? You mean like that? I thought the replication crisis didn't exist in paleontology? You're a fucking pseud and a retard.
6 months ago
Anonymous
>You mean literally like the two papers you cited that contradict each other?
I haven't cited any papers, but no
it is impossible to have a replication crisis with 2 DIFFERENT EXPERIMENTS YOU ABSOLUTE FUCKING RETARD.
You are confusing conclusions with results still
proving again that you didn't even pass 3rd grade science, let alone get a science degree.
6 months ago
Anonymous
Just be silent. It's clear you just enter these threads to whine and bitch. Nobody fucking cares about your personal problems.
6 months ago
Anonymous
The more I read your thoughts on science the funnier it gets.
tell me more about how 2 different experiments producing 2 different results is a problem with "replication"
6 months ago
Anonymous
The more I read your thoughts on science the funnier it gets.
tell me more about how 2 different experiments producing 2 different results is a problem with "replication"
even if you ran THE EXACT SAME experiment twice, got the same result both times, and then drew completely different conclusions,
that is not a replication problem.
a replication crisis exists ONLY when you run the same experiment twice and get different results.
not when you get different conclusions. Not when you run different experiments.
double spaced reply so you can read it easily because I know you're a fucking retard.
6 months ago
Anonymous
>double spaced reply so you can read it easily because I know you're a fucking retard.
Oh so thats why reddit does this
6 months ago
Anonymous
not sure why reddit does it, I don't use the site
but here we space things out so the ideas are clearly separated.
like keeping your corn from touching your tendies so you don't have a meltdown.
6 months ago
Anonymous
IIRC it was because hitting the return key a second time made more letters shpw up instead of doing this where they cut off...
6 months ago
Anonymous
I started using Wauf before reddit existed and I never switched.
but I do know we were double spacing our boxxy posts back in the day. It just reads easier.
5 months ago
Anonymous
>Wauf was always reddit
No nufags really?
6 months ago
Anonymous
Go back
6 months ago
Anonymous
>a "replication crisis" isn't possible in descriptive biology
Yeah but what about spectroscopy? If suddenly scientists would start repeating those tests, would they get the same results? Wouldn't they be able to tell if someone funged the tests in order to make sure they didn't throw their money on stolen fossils?
6 months ago
Anonymous
>If suddenly scientists would start repeating those tests, would they get the same results?
this is mostly a law enforcement question >Wouldn't they be able to tell if someone funged the tests in order to make sure they didn't throw their money on stolen fossils?
yes, we would be able to tell.
5 months ago
Anonymous
This moron thinks scientists pay for lying. You dumb retard, that's WHY the replication crisis exists. Again, some pretty god damned famous "conclusions" are known fraud. I don't believe any of those scientists are in jail.
6 months ago
Anonymous
for example
the Archaeoraptor fraud was illegal in the US and the perp did no time because China doesn't honor US law
the Falcarius fraud was illegal in the US and the perp did a year in prison and $10k in fines
the Tarbosaurus frauds were illegal in the US and the perps will do at least a year in prison and $100k in fines
the Spinosaurus fraud was illegal in the US and the perp did a full mea culpa and no time with the sponsorship of several US scientists
fraud is often detected, but the global nature makes it hard to prosecute.
6 months ago
Anonymous
replication crisis means when you run the exact same experiment with the exact same data and get different results. Not conclusions, results.
No scientist would make such a stupid and childish error as not knowing the difference between results and conclusions. You are no scientist.
the vertebrae were assigned to 3 different species of dinosaurs after Ibrahim initially published them as Spinosaurus. This was possible because Ibrahim lied about finding the vertebrae himself. In reality he bought them off some fossil dealers and had basically no knowledge whether they belonged to one animals or not.
After that Ibrahim went back and did some digging on his own where the fossil dealers said the bones were found. Among other things he found an articulated tail that went with the hips the fossil guys had sold him. This indicated that the fossil dealers were telling the truth about at least some of the skeleton, and might have been right about all of it.
It's still possible the thing is a mashup of several dinosaurs. Likely even. But we'll never know until another one is found, because there's no real reason to trust Moroccan fossil dealers or Ibrahim.
However, the neck vertebrae that were assigned to other species of theropod were never really the controversial part of the skeleton. Nobody really cares if they belong to Spinosaurus or not.
The part that people doubted most was the tiny hips and legs. But we can tell if a particular tail goes with a certain hip, so when Ibrahim found the tail to go with the hips it removed most doubt about the hips and legs. So he cleared that up anyways. It's very likely that his tiny hips and legs do indeed go with the tail and sail from the same animal.
For anyone wondering, dense bones are an adaptation for spending lots of time in fresh water (but not saltwater). It's likely reason is to help freshwater animals sink. Even lineages that now have normal or light bones had dense ones when their ancestors inhabited freshwater, like whales. Manatees also have dense bones.
yeah, that's why bone density matters less in salt water
marine reptiles usually had denser bones and ate rocks to sink properly.
so the difference isn't bone density, it's eating rocks. Not that it matters since spino fossils aren't found in marine sediments and pretty much nobody is suggesting they lived in the ocean.
>Somebody notify paleo artists please
yep
they're completely out of touch and if you use them to gauge the current understanding you're completely out of the loop
6 months ago
Anonymous
>if you use them to gauge the current understanding you're completely out of the loop
I'm not but it does affect divulgation of this topic like popsci tends to do.
You misunderstand, in the ocean you WANT to passively float if you're an air-breather, because otherwise you're likely to drown, in freshwater, drowning isn't that much of a concern and the focus is on staying submerged.
>You misunderstand, in the ocean you WANT to passively float if you're an air-breather, because otherwise you're likely to drown, in freshwater, drowning isn't that much of a concern and the focus is on staying submerged.
Yes I read about that after posting my retarded question, seems on point.
So it doesn't dive, which makes sense. It's more like a crocodile/bear hybrid, with a fabulous sail for bitches.
What is really interesting that the environment stayed swampy enough for millions of years that a 50 foot predator can emerge. Just stretches of deep enough water as far as the eye can see, with an ever changing coastline but not drastic enough that Spino would have trouble navigating. God, I wish I could see it.
I only skimmed it but all I’m getting from it is that what Ibrahim said is wrong about it being quadrupedal and an aquatic pursuit predator, which is already pretty obvious. I don’t buy the idea it was an awkward swimmer though
The spinosaur stuff got me uninterested in dinosaur paleontology in general. Just a bunch of autists milking research money, arguing about useless data.
Hadrosaurs and Ceratopsids should get you back IN. We have so much data on these two groups that in many cases we can literally watch one species turn into another in a series. They're also the groups we have the most soft tissue for. And we have a great deal of knowledge of their ecologies.
Theropods will make you lose faith in paleontology.
Notice how he's also misrepresented historical paleoart, just like All Yesterdays did to make it seem like everyone has always been "shrinkwrapping" dinosaurs more than anyone ever actually has.
Notice how he's also misrepresented historical paleoart, just like All Yesterdays did to make it seem like everyone has always been "shrinkwrapping" dinosaurs more than anyone ever actually has.
Anon, you have no idea how much of a 4chantard you are sounding right now. We have no fucking place for people like you here.
>NOOO!!! You can't just disprove another anon's claims!! >SOMEONE CALL MY LAWYER!!! >MODS! SAVE ME!!!
5 months ago
Anonymous
Excuse me, In what way did you disprove his claims?
5 months ago
Anonymous
He said Mark Witton was pushing back against feathered sauropods. I literally posted one of Mark Witton's own illustrations of a feathered sauropod.
5 months ago
Anonymous
>Acknowledges that there isn’t enough evidence for feather filaments in sauropods >Just makes a loose assumption and admits on doing so >Literally every other Sauropod art he’s ever done are depicted as featherless
Ding dong you’re a retard
5 months ago
Anonymous
I know this concept might be a little incomprehensible to you, but for you to disprove someones research and claims you have to use actual proof and counter-arguments against them, albeit if you have a degree or anything.
In this case can you back up your claims on dinosaurs not being skinwrapped?
5 months ago
Anonymous
You mean like literally posting a tweet from a person being discussed disproving what was claimed about them? You mean like that? Or does that not count for some reason?
What if, now here me out, large dinosaurs who lived in cold climates where covered in feathers and dinosaurs who lived in warm climates where not? Think elephants and Mammoths etc.
They have less hair though. We know that some dinosaurs did have feathers and some didn’t.
5 months ago
Anonymous
You are not fucking getting this. Scales and feathers are TWO DIFFERENT KINDS OF INTEGUMENT. You don't just get to mix and match the ratios you want. When an animal loses feathers, THAT'S IT, they never regain scales in those places. It's just bald skin now. So if anything, if T. rex "lost" feathers, it wouldn't have scales EITHER. It does not work the way you think it works. We have many bird species with missing feathers on parts of their bodies. Take a wild fucking guess how many have replaced them with scales (0). And if the plates on a Wood stork are "scales" than so is scleroderma on your grandmother. She's a lizard now. That's the part you fucking pop sci retards simply cannot get your tiny brains around.
5 months ago
Anonymous
>Take a wild fucking guess how many have replaced them with scales (0).
5 months ago
Anonymous
>”Lol” said the Pangolin and the synapsid family tree
>”Lmao”
5 months ago
Anonymous
https://i.imgur.com/goZIKsA.jpg
>Take a wild fucking guess how many have replaced them with scales (0).
>The scales and scutes of birds were originally thought to be homologous to those of reptiles;[45] however, more recent research suggests that scales in birds re-evolved after the evolution of feathers.[46][47][48]
daily reminder the paleoschizo is a fucking retard that doesn't know anything about paleo
5 months ago
Anonymous
Ah, quoted our one paper again, did we?
5 months ago
Anonymous
>Ah, quoted our one paper again, did we?
that's wikipedia, retard
it cites three different papers
which cite hundreds more.
https://i.imgur.com/yK77vzY.png
Hi, gay.
>I literally write the book on scales in tyrannosaurids >this dipshit keeps calling me a "feathergay"
you are absolutely, undeniably retarded.
5 months ago
Anonymous
He didn't just call you a feathergay, he did it with a modified mein kampf quote. The experts™ are beginning to consider the possibility that extreme racism, beyond the point of "just don't like em or want to go near em for my own safety, i mean i saw a bunch of them chanting "kill white people" bro!", but the kind involving seeing conspiracies and being unable to accept exceptions, despite the mental flexibility and genetic diversity of man exceeding already hard to stereotype purebred dogs, is actually a manifestation of a delusional disorder. This explains a lot about people with a strong 4chan bias.
https://www.newsweek.com/alt-right-racism-mental-illness-psychiatry-personality-disorder-652273 >Poussaint and his colleagues wanted the APA to include extreme racism in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) as a "delusional disorder." >That extreme form of racism, said Poussaint, could reasonably be classified as paranoid and delusional >The group also noted that racist beliefs and behavior often cause depression and psychiatric illness in people who are subject to them >Racist thoughts and actions are often a manifestation of some other established and diagnosable mental disorder, says Bell. People with narcissistic personality disorder—a mental condition many experts have claimed Trump has —often have fixed values rooted in racism. Dylann Roof, the teen white supremacist convicted of killing nine black people at a church in Charleston, South Carolina, in 2015, had been diagnosed with schizoid personality disorder. People with conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder often experience extreme paranoia related to race or ethnicity, though not always violence.
5 months ago
Anonymous
Wauf is pretty solid evidence that's true.
5 months ago
Anonymous
Soviet Union already literally did this kind of shit. Guess how that turned out.
5 months ago
Anonymous
You're treating as if feathers are just one thing when in reality there are as many branches and sub-types of feathers as there dinosaurs. In fact some basal feathers/hair are more akin to quills or long scales than what you're describing.
to reiterate this anon
[...] >The scales and scutes of birds were originally thought to be homologous to those of reptiles;[45] however, more recent research suggests that scales in birds re-evolved after the evolution of feathers.[46][47][48]
daily reminder the paleoschizo is a fucking retard that doesn't know anything about paleo
see you again tomorrow with exactly the same stupid arguments you got destroyed on over and over and over and over....
5 months ago
Anonymous
Hi, gay.
5 months ago
Anonymous
He didn't just call you a feathergay, he did it with a modified mein kampf quote. The experts™ are beginning to consider the possibility that extreme racism, beyond the point of "just don't like em or want to go near em for my own safety, i mean i saw a bunch of them chanting "kill white people" bro!", but the kind involving seeing conspiracies and being unable to accept exceptions, despite the mental flexibility and genetic diversity of man exceeding already hard to stereotype purebred dogs, is actually a manifestation of a delusional disorder. This explains a lot about people with a strong 4chan bias.
https://www.newsweek.com/alt-right-racism-mental-illness-psychiatry-personality-disorder-652273 >Poussaint and his colleagues wanted the APA to include extreme racism in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) as a "delusional disorder." >That extreme form of racism, said Poussaint, could reasonably be classified as paranoid and delusional >The group also noted that racist beliefs and behavior often cause depression and psychiatric illness in people who are subject to them >Racist thoughts and actions are often a manifestation of some other established and diagnosable mental disorder, says Bell. People with narcissistic personality disorder—a mental condition many experts have claimed Trump has —often have fixed values rooted in racism. Dylann Roof, the teen white supremacist convicted of killing nine black people at a church in Charleston, South Carolina, in 2015, had been diagnosed with schizoid personality disorder. People with conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder often experience extreme paranoia related to race or ethnicity, though not always violence.
It's ironic that that Mein Kampf quote always reminds me of what it's like arguing with Stormtards.
https://i.imgur.com/wB38HKJ.gif
[...]
Anon, you have no idea how much of a 4chantard you are sounding right now. We have no fucking place for people like you here.
https://i.imgur.com/i8GXaZC.jpg
Excuse me, In what way did you disprove his claims?
I know this concept might be a little incomprehensible to you, but for you to disprove someones research and claims you have to use actual proof and counter-arguments against them, albeit if you have a degree or anything.
In this case can you back up your claims on dinosaurs not being skinwrapped?
He posted tweets by Mark Witton himself pushing feathered sauropods, that's pretty fucking conclusive.
The best argument you can ask for is a bad argument against you; you gave him it.
5 months ago
Anonymous
Hey man, any thoughts on when we'll see Engh and Longrich ousted from the field? It's been a while but they seem to be doing just fine
[...]
5 months ago
Anonymous
>feathers can’t turn into scales >but scales can turn into feathers >but feathers or otherwise bare skin can turn into scale-like keratin coverings that aren’t true scales >this keratinised skin totally can’t turn into scales >also it’s totally not possible that an animal can have both feathers and scales, lose the feathers and go full on with the scales it already had
You’re retarded
5 months ago
Anonymous
>scale-like keratin coverings that aren’t true scales
we had this argument with him before.
there's no such thing as "true scales." if skin contains keratin and looks like scales, it's called scales.
Wauf likes to think they get their own special language (poisonous vs. venomous anyone?) but in real life everyone else is ignoring the false dichotomies argued here.
>rawr
idc how accurate it is i refuse to believe it baka
Ah paleo schizo is back, rip the paleo threads they were ok for a few seconds at least. Now to refilter them out.
>Soon enough. It won't just be them.
I see, so half a year isn't "soon enough" for you
Good job so far regardless, your "level headed" take on things is great to see so I'm sure the paleo community is quaking in their boots
>"Those are not scales. Those are matted hairs."
>Literally every biology blog about Pangolin calls them scales made out of keratin.
You really have no reading comprehension do you?
>Why is it no bird has ever turned feathers into scales?
Aside from you dismissing any evidence that stands against your argument as false with 0 evidence, the obvious being scales on bird feet, just because they haven’t doesn’t mean it’s literally impossible that it’s ever happened. Birds don’t deviate from having feathers vs scales a whole lot, certainly not to the extant that non avian dinosaurs did. You as well argue that it’s impossible for amphibian skin to turn into reptilian scales given enough time because no modern amphibian has done so
>Last reply. Now be silent.
go fuck yourself idiot
>Yes, and you fucking lost.
so you admit you've been shitting up the board for the last 3 years at least and the last 10 by my recollection.
even longer if you're also bugguy.
>knows of bugguy
Do you know something about paleoschizo? If he's pushed far enough, he turns into one of the psychotic anti-dog posters. I believe he's the one that mostly just says "BARK BARK SNIFF BUTT EAT POOP MAUL TODDLER" and calls everyone a dogfucker. This is known, from IP wipe timestamps, to also be a pro-cat and anti-cat troll and a zoophile that tried to shit up /dog/.
>Do you know something about paleoschizo?
I know his full name, the name of his parents, where he's worked in the past, who he knows in the paleo community, and his home address.
and yes, I suspect he's also the same troll in lots of other threads. He disappears when they get banned.
>I know his full name, the name of his parents, where he's worked in the past, who he knows in the paleo community, and his home address.
Post them come on
Nah, he knows I know.
Because he told me that stuff.
This dude literally just comes on Wauf every day to post lies. It's like a full time job for him. While he doesn't have the slightest clue about anything about me, HE on the other hand has routinely posted selfies...for some inexplicable reason. Even when people told him to stop.
What makes you think I'm not already everywhere?
>he doesn't have the slightest clue about anything about me,
so you weren't the anon in the crocodile scales thread some years back?
because I know exactly who he is, and you talk just like him and say you're him. You're even repeating his argument word for word.
Nope, that's not me.
so it's just a coincidence that you were in that thread and are now repeating his arguments word for word?
Like there's a bunch of retards that have been on Wauf for years and don't know that mosaic scales are just cracked keratinized skin?
that's what you're saying?
again, using the wrong name for things ID's you every fucking time.
Kek, he's not me.
You stole my (you).
kek
multiple anons pretending to be the schizo so they can deny being the schizo
>I'M SPARTICUS to piss off the NPCs
Lol thanks for the laugh, guys.
How many times have you been told. There is more than one person on Wauf.
I was being sarcastic
I know all the anons pretending to be you so they can pretend not to be you are just you pretending to be other anons pretending to be you so they can pretend not to be you.
Don't worry, if I was you I'd deny it too.
He's possibly THE troll, you can tell with some trolls because they have a cycle, when one thing stops getting them gratification and they get BTFO it's on to the next thing, and suddenly their other threads die, and threads that were made nearly daily cease, until the new thing gets old. Snapshot is one for instance. He also makes anti-pitbull threads, and doesn't do his usual low IQ spam. There's also a few /dog/ and /cat/ posters who have a clear neurotic troll cycle with repetitive subjects. If you pay attention you know which dogs and cats are theirs. Some of them have a feeling that people know they know that people know and have adjusted accordingly.
I think it's a way to cope with negative feelings like stress, self hatred, insecurity, paranoia, or depression but I'm not 100% sure it's not just plain schizophrenia.
I think you're right, and I know you're right about him being the dog troll because we've both seen him go off about dogs.
a long time ago he name-dropped a famous paleontologist that he worked with. I mentioned to him that that person is a personal and professional friend of mine. So I called my buddy up and confirmed what the anon had told me.
long story short, yes. He is diagnosed schizophrenic. As far as I know he is medicated. He's just always like this.
also of course he denies all this
but then he does something stupid like admitting he was in the crocodile scales argument years back.
forgetting that I know who I was arguing with in that thread. I know him by name.
You have the power to save Wauf from dog hate, cat hate, bestiality, 4chan rants, fake paleo news, and god knows what else
godspeed man, godspeed, i hope you find a way
>You have the power to save Wauf from dog hate, cat hate, bestiality, 4chan rants, fake paleo news, and god knows what else
nah, I'm not going to do anything to him.
I give him constant shit but I don't actually dislike the guy. I feel bad for him sometimes.
I meant find a way to get him off Wauf without killing him. Maybe gaslight him into moving on to youtube's comment section. Or facebook.
oh, he's been here almost as long as I have, and I've been here forever. Nothing I can do would get rid of him aside from ignoring him for a couple years. And I'm not even sure that would work.
What do you have to lose by just not responding? Also, a little gaslighting goes a long way. I could offer my services. You've given enough information already that you wouldn't have to divulge anything. This image should tip you off as to who you are speaking with.
Just say the word.
not you.
don't contact that guy except to ask him not to, he went way too far with his last target and the poor man was beaten and disowned by his entire family
>What do you have to lose by just not responding?
outside of a lunatic assylum, where else am I going to find mentally ill people voluntarily telling me how they think about pretty much any prompt at length, for years on end, without murdering me mid-observation?
I have a clinical interest in the anon, and he obliges me.
>the poor man was beaten and disowned by his entire family
not necessarily an outcome I disagree with for a number of users here.
LARP.
>LARP.
assuming he's also Morrisonbro I know exactly who he is.
he denies being Morrisonbro but he forgot I was arguing with Morrison in the scales thread years back and took credit for that. Also he reads exactly like my old buddy Morrison. I don't think anyone could even copy that style of retardation. It's far too specific for the average schizo/autist to pull off.
If you go through the archives you'll see that Morrisonbro not only gave more than enough info to dox him, but he also writes exactly like the paleschizo, and has been posting exactly as long in exactly the same threads using the exact same arguments.
the only question I actually have about the ID of the paleoschizo is if he's also bugguy.
I know he's Morrisonbro because he admitted it. But bugguy reads just like him despite supposedly living in a different country. They both have the same vocabulary, syntax, and mental lacunae. And they both hate cats, pit bulls, and paleontology.
he's probably a bot, but if so it's the same bot with slightly different biographies. Also the pics of bugguy look suHispaniciously like me.
He's an NPC so he doesn't understand what he does. But the reason EVERYTHING has been turned into a left vs right struggle is because literally that is how communists take over societies. Every aspect must be under their dominion because they know the truth isn't with them. If even one arena of human life becomes a source of skepticism or free speech, it's only a matter of time before the whole fucking thing comes imploding down. That's why literally nothing is safe. That's why we need to "queer" children's shows. That's why peanut butter and jelly sandwiches are "racist". That's why "Burgers?" That's why just existing while being white is "violence".
Wauf Animals and Nature everyone!
Why do NPCs like to call people NPCs? Updated program?
>Beep boop disagreement detected start talking about trannies and racism
>Called NPC
>Call the caller NPC
Couldn't imagine a more pre-programmed response. Other than your rabid emotionality over it.
He’s right though.
>ith density-adjusted body partitions and avian-like internal air space, the flesh model of S. aegyptiacus has a body mass of 7390 kg
>literally almost 1000 kg less than the latest estimates for Giganotosaurus, which are almost 1000 kg less than the latest estimates for Scotty
Spinosisters... it's fucking over
Spino was still the largest predator on Africa.
Introducing the new dinosaur: Qingchengxotyrannus.
It was twice the size of T. rex, lived in herds, had feathers even in the roof of its mouth, and lived in the Triassic. Also it had horns and a bony crest on its head and spikes on its tail.
Brought to you by the most trusted Chinese scientists.
I believe this with absolute faith. Anyone who suspects this great discovery of fraud is a racist and also needs to take their meds.
Any dinosaur who's name starts with an X, Q or Z is fake in my book.
You're not wrong.
To think we only have fossils from a few specific biomes that were humid enough while a ton of dino remains are gone forever
Rexfags STILL seething
Besides some bones, is there any hard evidence dinosaurs actually existed?
Their anatomy makes biological sense enough for me to create living animals from their blueprints, so yes.
>those tiny ass legs
>people unironically thought this was a land animal
Hey, paleoNPC, since you're always so certain that scientists not being arrested all the time is proof they're not lying, tell me how many of the scientists involved in this scam ever served jail time?
>paleoNPC
He got so tired of being called a schizophrenic he had to come up with a new insult despite acting the most like an NPC
true story, I'm the guy he calls paleoNPC and I used to be called paleoschizo years ago on this board.
that was until our new, much more schizophrenic guy showed up and took the title from me. In fact I'm not really schizophrenic at all, while that guy is actually schizophrenic by his own admission.
also yes, he's an NPC insofar as he doesn't have an original idea in his head. Most of his opinions are just exaggerations of stuff I've said here. That's why I suspect he's actually a chat bot. He's just me but 1000 times louder.
I'm not schizophrenic by my own admission. You're just a reddit gay so you have "MEDS!!" tourrettes. You also love lying about anyone that disagrees with you.
>I'm not schizophrenic by my own admission
But you are schizophrenic regardless
>and he’s out in the waters today
>open sea spinosaurus
Please god make it stop
Marabou spino is now real
>He was ONLY semi-aquatic
Wow, I'm really BTFO.
I don't understand why they didn't run any calculus on the acuatic hypothesis until now. Why propose that the tail was enough to give it thrust in water then? Is ibrahim a hack?
>float along river surface slowly
>spine and long face moving slowly toward prey at the rivers edge is potentially enough to not disturb prey drinking from river a la a crocodile
>attack prey like crocodile minus the death roll because you're a ten ton, sixty foot death machine
it's that simple folks
This just made me think, could the sail also help it camouflage among rushes or other river floating plants?
>large, vertical slab of what looks like ribbed wood floats towards you
>you, a large herbivore wonder wtf it is
>eh who gives a shit, probably just woo--ACK
I was thinking that it could like something more like this?
a green striped spino would make sense if the fauna and river, general enviroment looked like this. the sail could flush different colours were it able to run a certain amount of blood toward it for mating purposes? either that or it was an anchor for the tail
>the sail could flush different colours were it able to run a certain amount of blood toward it for mating purposes?
I recall this was also a hypothesis for stegosaurus' plates?
>either that or it was an anchor for the tail
I don't really get what you mean by this
>I recall this was also a hypothesis for stegosaurus' plates?
yeah I verbatim stole it from one of my childhood dinosaur books lmao, would make sense I think
>I don't really get what you mean by this
that tail was huge, maybe the sail acted as a counter balance for it or helped to anchor the connective muscles?
>that tail was huge, maybe the sail acted as a counter balance for it or helped to anchor the connective muscles?
I can see that being the case, the other spinosaurids like suchomimus and baryonixs that don't have a sail (or it looks to be small) seem to have a smaller tail in proportion to their size in comparison to spinosaurus. Then having both the tail and the sail become selected at the same time is logical.
To add, theropods had flat surfaced tails with huge muscles that were wagged in order to help maintain the angular momentum while running so it kinda makes sense that spinosaurus specialized that trait and used the tail as a propeller in water to make short bursts of speed kinda like how a crocodile did.
I thought grass didn’t exist yet?
We already knew this 3 years ago though. When the majority of the fossils have been found in shallow deltas it was pretty clear it was just a river gator with a fan on its back
probably has bones from a few different animals like most fossils
paleontologists are stupid and delusional
What amuses me about the Spinosaur is the sheer level of autism in terms of morphology the people developed around it's diet.
Like as soon as they found out it ate fish they seemed to be hellbent on twisting it into a crocodile or wierd dinosaur seal instead of just assuming it filling a niche already filled by a large predator we have today with the Grizzly Bear.
It's like they literally could not concive that a dinosaur would hunt fish like a Grizzly bear, it MUST be a crocodile.
Even worse Baryonyx have been hunting like a grizzly bear for a century without anyone complaining.
It's so weird how Baryonyx is literally just a Spinosaurus without the sail, to the point it's a direct relation but for some reason they went maximum autismo and decided "nah these two extremely close species actually look nothing alike"
That's not exactly true either to be fair. There was like 30 million years between them and even if the alligator/hippo/whatever theories are wrong Spinosaurus looked wacky as fuck in comparison.
Neither of those is correct. Spinosaurus is far more like a croc than a bear. Its jaw structure makes it clear that it's hyperadapted to piscivory. And you can literally watch the sail evolve over time through different Spinosaurids. The only thing I take issue with is how insane Ibrahim went in making the thing look like it couldn't exist in our dimension.
Not the jaw structure but the idea that it spent most of the time swimming underwater and can't walk well on land.
Oh it likely absolutely did spend a shit ton of time in water. Baryonyx was probably more heron-like, but through Suchimimus to Spinosaurus the trend is definitely headed in a crocodile analog direction.
>super unstable in the water
What if it had a built in super computer allowing it to become super mobile thanks to its inherent instability like a fucking jet fighter plane.
>babe, a new Spinosaurus study just dropped
This dinosaur is proof that paleontologist are all retards with over inflated egos who have no idea what the fuck they're talking about but still pretend they have the absolute truth in their hands right now
I expect it to grow wings with another reconstruction by 2024
They wouldn't need to speculate as much if the British hadn't blown up the holotype specimen
Yeah, any other animal would be considered aquatic with all the the hint we got.
But since it's Spinosaurus, some autist are raging because it wasn't like in JP3.
I thought Spino was just an ancient, giant duck with teeth.
T-Rex was a chicken, and Spino was a duck.
So what dino would be the goose?
>long neck
>herbivore
>aggression based on confidence and retardation
>looks goofy as fuck
There really is only one choice.
still looks like a chimera to me
What are the chances the vertebrae are from something like a sauropod and spinosaurus has been a meme all along?
>What are the chances the vertebrae are from something like a sauropod
Basically zero. "Worst" case scenario they're from another spinosaurid or possibly (possibly) another related therapod.
the vertebrae were assigned to 3 different species of dinosaurs after Ibrahim initially published them as Spinosaurus. This was possible because Ibrahim lied about finding the vertebrae himself. In reality he bought them off some fossil dealers and had basically no knowledge whether they belonged to one animals or not.
After that Ibrahim went back and did some digging on his own where the fossil dealers said the bones were found. Among other things he found an articulated tail that went with the hips the fossil guys had sold him. This indicated that the fossil dealers were telling the truth about at least some of the skeleton, and might have been right about all of it.
It's still possible the thing is a mashup of several dinosaurs. Likely even. But we'll never know until another one is found, because there's no real reason to trust Moroccan fossil dealers or Ibrahim.
I mean how can people take this guy seriously when he buys stuff from Moroccan fossil dealers? Is the paleontology scene that desperate for news? Its like watching Wauf go apeshit at fake/possibly real leaks. Another more on topic analogy that comes to mind is chinese fake fossils. But somehow people just give Ibraim a pass cause he had some amount of confirmation bias when he found more fossils?
What you fail to realize is a lot of paleontology includes questionable interactions with the private market. That's basically then entire story of why china can't be trusted.
Yeah it was probably a stupid question. The whole field is based on speculation and trusting the location where stuff was found.
>The whole field is based on speculation and trusting the location where stuff was found.
It's literally not.
you can't get paleontology published without recording where stuff is found.
Unless you're Ibrahim and you lie about it. But he got punished for that. He's still being punished for that.
A good example of how this is wrong was Falcarius. It originally showed up as illegally collected fossils at a gem and mineral show. The scientist that noticed it couldn't publish it because it wasn't collected properly. He had to convince the guy that found it to show him where it came from and only then could he actually publish the animal. He had to go to the rocks and dig up new examples of the species himself with other people to witness it.
What Ibrahim did only worked because he lied, and even then the lie was quickly noticed and corrected by going back to the site and digging up new bones.
I mean Ibrahim is one of the people that got caught. I could argue this happens more times than it gets found out. Still thats a problem with every field. I recall hearing about some paleontologists lieing about the source of their fossils just so they could argue they were a 'new species' instead of just a young specimen of a known species.
Not entirely, but moreso than most realize. The private market is actually beginning to totally take over paleontology even in America though and that's a serious issue.
>you can't get paleontology published without recording where stuff is found.
Lol. You can just say shit. Who's going to question you? Literally nobody if china's involved or some other BRICS shithole. That would be racist.
>The scientist that noticed it couldn't publish it because it wasn't collected properly.
That's only because he was being honest. He could have just lied and said it was from china and nobody would've questioned. Rare moment of moral clarity for a paleontologist.
>Xu Xing is a co-author of the paper suggesting that it’s a composite
I thought you didn’t trust anything he said
He does this pretty often actually. That doesn't excuse his bullshit. I figure it's like the archaeoraptor thing. If he "exposes" enough fraud, his "work" will be taken more seriously.
I mean that's literally how all western paleontologists use archaoraptor. "Oh well, we exposed one, therefore there has never been any other fraud from china that has ever slipped by anyone QED. THE SCIENCE IS SETTLED!!!"
>oh well we exposed one, therefore the rest of the feathered fossils must also be fraud
Can you imagine if feathergay logic was attempted in court?
>Yes your honor, I have been formerly convicted of selling drugs, but THOSE drugs aren't mine, I swear!
>if you lie about where you found it, nobody else will find other fossils like it at the same spot
Lolwut? You act like this is damaging to paleontology. Most species are from fragmentary remains that have only been found once. I don't even understand how anyone would be the wiser.
>In real life people almost never lie
I think I've come to understand something about why STEMfags are so legendarilly delusional and wrong all the time. You're all humanists. You literally believe in the divine infallibility of man. That's why you can't imagine corruption or deceit playing any role in any scientific endeavor, despite the entire STEM operation being fucking lousy with the shit. I would say this is a very childlike mentality, but children learn to overcome their ignorance. This is scientism cult shit.
>this is an argument from ignorance because the average toad here doesn't know that we can check rocks at a molecular level and see where they came from.
You have so much faith in such a fallible art. It would almost be sad if you weren't such a deranged zealot of untruth.
99.9% of scientists have never been convicted of lying, and the 00.1% that are convicted are good evidence that you can't get away with it.
cope, seethe, dilate
>If i pull numbers out of my ass people will think I'm right
If this was Wauf you would be laughed at. But yeah I don't get the point of arguing if scientists lie or not.
>If this was Wauf you would be laughed at.
not at all
most of those 00.1% of academic frauds wind up on Wauf. They know how often people get convicted for that kind of thing.
Of course there's no point. We all know they do it. That's why we'll have to hear "moderate drinking is best" for the rest of our lives.
Lol you dumb moron. Wauf has actual STEM posters. They know full well modern science is fucked. When you bring up the replication crisis here, everyone acts like you took a photo up their skirt. When you do it there, they all just acknowledge it's tiresome and we've all had to put up with it.
>99.9% of scientists have never been convicted of lying, and the 00.1% that are convicted are good evidence that you can't get away with it.
>dilate
>said the chud
Oof!
>Who's going to question you?
that goes back to replication which you love to yammer about.
if you lie about where you found it, nobody else will find other fossils like it at the same spot, and the study can't be repeated. In real life people almost never lie because they know someone is going to check what they say by going to the spot and digging some more.
>I could argue this happens more times than it gets found out.
yep
this is an argument from ignorance because the average toad here doesn't know that we can check rocks at a molecular level and see where they came from.
>this is an argument from ignorance because the average toad here doesn't know that we can check rocks at a molecular level and see where they came from.
Your argument is actually more ignorant though. Paleontologists don't date stuff on Radiometric isotopes alone, they aren't perfectly accurate. Fuck, plain carbon dating is not that accurate and it works on smaller time scales. They need to take into account the geologic layer in which the fossils were found and that means knowing in what geographical place they were dug from as well as looking at what other stuff that was found with them in that layer.
I'm not talking about dating
If you say you found a rock in your back yard I can run a spectroscopic analysis of the rock and then one of your back yard and know for a fact if you're telling the truth or not.
same info, different ignoramus ^
Jokes on you, that rock wasn't from my backyard, I took it from my neighbour whose garden has a similar ground composition.
>I took it from my neighbour whose garden has a similar ground composition.
yep, the resolution is only good within a few hundred meters, so it's possible you got it next door.
Yes but can you run one on your dick and your mother's to see if you're related?
Do you honestly think paleontologists are religiously flying halfway around the world to analyze a rock to see if a few vertebrae came from a certain region? You sycophants almost never check each other's work to begin with. The only time you ever even disagree with anyone in paleontology is when they defy the feather orthodoxy. Otherwise you're content with a pile of papers all contradicting each other, so far as they don't commit that trendy cardinal sin. I see similar behavior in other life sciences and I'm equally disgusted with it there. The only time anyone's work gets checked is when they defy something religiously fashionable. Otherwise, everyone just pats them on the back and they all jerk each other off.
you don't know if we test stuff or not
that's why it's argument from ignorance.
hell, you don't even know that we CAN test that.
the fact that Wauf agrees with you is solid evidence they're a bunch of larpers.
>you don't know if we test stuff or not
Of course I do, I'm a fucking biologist. Oh yes, sometimes people try to test their peers' results but *points to replication crisis* have you been keeping up the past 30 years?
>the fact that Wauf agrees with you is solid evidence they're a bunch of larpers.
No, you fucking gay. It's proof Wauf is a board for shitwits. I just happen to be real fucking autistic about Dinosaurs.
>sometimes people try to test their peers' results
it's not peer's results we're talking about. It's fossil dealers and I guaranfuckingtee you we test what they have to say.
also you're not a biologist or you'd know a "replication crisis" isn't possible in descriptive biology. Either a bone has a certain feature or it does not, and anyone can look at it and see. Also you're retarded, retards don't get biology degrees.
>we test what they have to say
What you think you're the fucking Bene Gesserit now?
>also you're not a biologist or you'd know a "replication crisis" isn't possible in descriptive biology.
Oh give it a fucking rest already. Your kind handwave the replication crisis at every opportunity because parasites like you couldn't exist without it.
> Either a bone has a certain feature or it does not
Oh NOW you just want to look at the fossils without all the bullshit and asspull theory. Amazing how that works.
You mean literally like the two papers you cited that contradict each other? You mean like that? I thought the replication crisis didn't exist in paleontology? You're a fucking pseud and a retard.
>You mean literally like the two papers you cited that contradict each other?
I haven't cited any papers, but no
it is impossible to have a replication crisis with 2 DIFFERENT EXPERIMENTS YOU ABSOLUTE FUCKING RETARD.
You are confusing conclusions with results still
proving again that you didn't even pass 3rd grade science, let alone get a science degree.
Just be silent. It's clear you just enter these threads to whine and bitch. Nobody fucking cares about your personal problems.
The more I read your thoughts on science the funnier it gets.
tell me more about how 2 different experiments producing 2 different results is a problem with "replication"
even if you ran THE EXACT SAME experiment twice, got the same result both times, and then drew completely different conclusions,
that is not a replication problem.
a replication crisis exists ONLY when you run the same experiment twice and get different results.
not when you get different conclusions. Not when you run different experiments.
double spaced reply so you can read it easily because I know you're a fucking retard.
>double spaced reply so you can read it easily because I know you're a fucking retard.
Oh so thats why reddit does this
not sure why reddit does it, I don't use the site
but here we space things out so the ideas are clearly separated.
like keeping your corn from touching your tendies so you don't have a meltdown.
IIRC it was because hitting the return key a second time made more letters shpw up instead of doing this where they cut off...
I started using Wauf before reddit existed and I never switched.
but I do know we were double spacing our boxxy posts back in the day. It just reads easier.
>Wauf was always reddit
No nufags really?
Go back
>a "replication crisis" isn't possible in descriptive biology
Yeah but what about spectroscopy? If suddenly scientists would start repeating those tests, would they get the same results? Wouldn't they be able to tell if someone funged the tests in order to make sure they didn't throw their money on stolen fossils?
>If suddenly scientists would start repeating those tests, would they get the same results?
this is mostly a law enforcement question
>Wouldn't they be able to tell if someone funged the tests in order to make sure they didn't throw their money on stolen fossils?
yes, we would be able to tell.
This moron thinks scientists pay for lying. You dumb retard, that's WHY the replication crisis exists. Again, some pretty god damned famous "conclusions" are known fraud. I don't believe any of those scientists are in jail.
for example
the Archaeoraptor fraud was illegal in the US and the perp did no time because China doesn't honor US law
the Falcarius fraud was illegal in the US and the perp did a year in prison and $10k in fines
the Tarbosaurus frauds were illegal in the US and the perps will do at least a year in prison and $100k in fines
the Spinosaurus fraud was illegal in the US and the perp did a full mea culpa and no time with the sponsorship of several US scientists
fraud is often detected, but the global nature makes it hard to prosecute.
replication crisis means when you run the exact same experiment with the exact same data and get different results. Not conclusions, results.
No scientist would make such a stupid and childish error as not knowing the difference between results and conclusions. You are no scientist.
However, the neck vertebrae that were assigned to other species of theropod were never really the controversial part of the skeleton. Nobody really cares if they belong to Spinosaurus or not.
The part that people doubted most was the tiny hips and legs. But we can tell if a particular tail goes with a certain hip, so when Ibrahim found the tail to go with the hips it removed most doubt about the hips and legs. So he cleared that up anyways. It's very likely that his tiny hips and legs do indeed go with the tail and sail from the same animal.
Did they ever consider that the neotype might be a younger animal?
I will never forgive british 'people' for destroying all of Stromer's work. Now this hack cuck Ibrahim is just making shit up for fun
of course not gay, that would make too much sense
>semiaquatic bipedal ambush piscivore that frequented the margins of coastal and inland waterways
but why are its bones so dense if it isn't adapted for swimming?
For wading
For anyone wondering, dense bones are an adaptation for spending lots of time in fresh water (but not saltwater). It's likely reason is to help freshwater animals sink. Even lineages that now have normal or light bones had dense ones when their ancestors inhabited freshwater, like whales. Manatees also have dense bones.
Seems counterintuitive, isn't it easier to float in salt water than in fresh water?
yeah, that's why bone density matters less in salt water
marine reptiles usually had denser bones and ate rocks to sink properly.
so the difference isn't bone density, it's eating rocks. Not that it matters since spino fossils aren't found in marine sediments and pretty much nobody is suggesting they lived in the ocean.
>pretty much nobody is suggesting they lived in the ocean.
Somebody notify paleo artists please
>Somebody notify paleo artists please
yep
they're completely out of touch and if you use them to gauge the current understanding you're completely out of the loop
>if you use them to gauge the current understanding you're completely out of the loop
I'm not but it does affect divulgation of this topic like popsci tends to do.
You misunderstand, in the ocean you WANT to passively float if you're an air-breather, because otherwise you're likely to drown, in freshwater, drowning isn't that much of a concern and the focus is on staying submerged.
>You misunderstand, in the ocean you WANT to passively float if you're an air-breather, because otherwise you're likely to drown, in freshwater, drowning isn't that much of a concern and the focus is on staying submerged.
Yes I read about that after posting my retarded question, seems on point.
I honestly don't hate seal/walrus spinosaur.
Unironically makes sense
Chunky
So it doesn't dive, which makes sense. It's more like a crocodile/bear hybrid, with a fabulous sail for bitches.
What is really interesting that the environment stayed swampy enough for millions of years that a 50 foot predator can emerge. Just stretches of deep enough water as far as the eye can see, with an ever changing coastline but not drastic enough that Spino would have trouble navigating. God, I wish I could see it.
>It’s not aquatic, only semi aquatic
What a mind blower
I only skimmed it but all I’m getting from it is that what Ibrahim said is wrong about it being quadrupedal and an aquatic pursuit predator, which is already pretty obvious. I don’t buy the idea it was an awkward swimmer though
The spinosaur stuff got me uninterested in dinosaur paleontology in general. Just a bunch of autists milking research money, arguing about useless data.
>Just a bunch of autists milking research money, arguing about useless data.
Sounds like any research field
Ah, so you've discovered how STEMfags and "Science™" actually operate.
>Just a bunch of autists milking research money, arguing about useless data.
Thats most of state funded research though.
>what is 80-90% of academic research
Hadrosaurs and Ceratopsids should get you back IN. We have so much data on these two groups that in many cases we can literally watch one species turn into another in a series. They're also the groups we have the most soft tissue for. And we have a great deal of knowledge of their ecologies.
Theropods will make you lose faith in paleontology.
Let Ornithischians show you the way back home.
I hope whoever made that is ironic because I think my IQ dropped with each letter I read.
>paleo npc
>mark witton
mark witton is one of few people pushing back against feathered sauropods and large bodied dinosaurs you mong
Uh...
Notice how he's also misrepresented historical paleoart, just like All Yesterdays did to make it seem like everyone has always been "shrinkwrapping" dinosaurs more than anyone ever actually has.
>he's also misrepresented historical paleoart
True, he doesn't make them as chonky and upright as they should be.
Anon, you have no idea how much of a 4chantard you are sounding right now. We have no fucking place for people like you here.
>NOOO!!! You can't just disprove another anon's claims!!
>SOMEONE CALL MY LAWYER!!!
>MODS! SAVE ME!!!
Excuse me, In what way did you disprove his claims?
He said Mark Witton was pushing back against feathered sauropods. I literally posted one of Mark Witton's own illustrations of a feathered sauropod.
>Acknowledges that there isn’t enough evidence for feather filaments in sauropods
>Just makes a loose assumption and admits on doing so
>Literally every other Sauropod art he’s ever done are depicted as featherless
Ding dong you’re a retard
I know this concept might be a little incomprehensible to you, but for you to disprove someones research and claims you have to use actual proof and counter-arguments against them, albeit if you have a degree or anything.
In this case can you back up your claims on dinosaurs not being skinwrapped?
You mean like literally posting a tweet from a person being discussed disproving what was claimed about them? You mean like that? Or does that not count for some reason?
What if, now here me out, large dinosaurs who lived in cold climates where covered in feathers and dinosaurs who lived in warm climates where not? Think elephants and Mammoths etc.
It doesn't work like that. Elephants living in deserts don't randomly develop scales.
So how do Dinosaurs live in cold environments?
They have less hair though. We know that some dinosaurs did have feathers and some didn’t.
You are not fucking getting this. Scales and feathers are TWO DIFFERENT KINDS OF INTEGUMENT. You don't just get to mix and match the ratios you want. When an animal loses feathers, THAT'S IT, they never regain scales in those places. It's just bald skin now. So if anything, if T. rex "lost" feathers, it wouldn't have scales EITHER. It does not work the way you think it works. We have many bird species with missing feathers on parts of their bodies. Take a wild fucking guess how many have replaced them with scales (0). And if the plates on a Wood stork are "scales" than so is scleroderma on your grandmother. She's a lizard now. That's the part you fucking pop sci retards simply cannot get your tiny brains around.
>Take a wild fucking guess how many have replaced them with scales (0).
>”Lol” said the Pangolin and the synapsid family tree
>”Lmao”
>The scales and scutes of birds were originally thought to be homologous to those of reptiles;[45] however, more recent research suggests that scales in birds re-evolved after the evolution of feathers.[46][47][48]
daily reminder the paleoschizo is a fucking retard that doesn't know anything about paleo
Ah, quoted our one paper again, did we?
>Ah, quoted our one paper again, did we?
that's wikipedia, retard
it cites three different papers
which cite hundreds more.
>I literally write the book on scales in tyrannosaurids
>this dipshit keeps calling me a "feathergay"
you are absolutely, undeniably retarded.
He didn't just call you a feathergay, he did it with a modified mein kampf quote. The experts™ are beginning to consider the possibility that extreme racism, beyond the point of "just don't like em or want to go near em for my own safety, i mean i saw a bunch of them chanting "kill white people" bro!", but the kind involving seeing conspiracies and being unable to accept exceptions, despite the mental flexibility and genetic diversity of man exceeding already hard to stereotype purebred dogs, is actually a manifestation of a delusional disorder. This explains a lot about people with a strong 4chan bias.
https://www.newsweek.com/alt-right-racism-mental-illness-psychiatry-personality-disorder-652273
>Poussaint and his colleagues wanted the APA to include extreme racism in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) as a "delusional disorder."
>That extreme form of racism, said Poussaint, could reasonably be classified as paranoid and delusional
>The group also noted that racist beliefs and behavior often cause depression and psychiatric illness in people who are subject to them
>Racist thoughts and actions are often a manifestation of some other established and diagnosable mental disorder, says Bell. People with narcissistic personality disorder—a mental condition many experts have claimed Trump has —often have fixed values rooted in racism. Dylann Roof, the teen white supremacist convicted of killing nine black people at a church in Charleston, South Carolina, in 2015, had been diagnosed with schizoid personality disorder. People with conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder often experience extreme paranoia related to race or ethnicity, though not always violence.
Wauf is pretty solid evidence that's true.
Soviet Union already literally did this kind of shit. Guess how that turned out.
You're treating as if feathers are just one thing when in reality there are as many branches and sub-types of feathers as there dinosaurs. In fact some basal feathers/hair are more akin to quills or long scales than what you're describing.
to reiterate this anon
you know fucking jack shit about paleo.
>Amniotes (Scales) > Synapsids (Scales/Hair) > Therapsids (Hair) > Mammals (Hair) > Pangolin (Scales)
I see you got btfo
see you again tomorrow with exactly the same stupid arguments you got destroyed on over and over and over and over....
Hi, gay.
It's ironic that that Mein Kampf quote always reminds me of what it's like arguing with Stormtards.
He posted tweets by Mark Witton himself pushing feathered sauropods, that's pretty fucking conclusive.
The best argument you can ask for is a bad argument against you; you gave him it.
Hey man, any thoughts on when we'll see Engh and Longrich ousted from the field? It's been a while but they seem to be doing just fine
>feathers can’t turn into scales
>but scales can turn into feathers
>but feathers or otherwise bare skin can turn into scale-like keratin coverings that aren’t true scales
>this keratinised skin totally can’t turn into scales
>also it’s totally not possible that an animal can have both feathers and scales, lose the feathers and go full on with the scales it already had
You’re retarded
>scale-like keratin coverings that aren’t true scales
we had this argument with him before.
there's no such thing as "true scales." if skin contains keratin and looks like scales, it's called scales.
Wauf likes to think they get their own special language (poisonous vs. venomous anyone?) but in real life everyone else is ignoring the false dichotomies argued here.
>veiny boy
hnnnnng
Too many words but that raptor is sexy
How the fuck could this human being manage to be wrong on both sides?
This has to be a joke right?
No human deserves to go this low...
Both of these are retarded.
>calls people NPC
>makes a meme this insanely shit
I have bad news for you
>Calls himself paleoChad
>Defends Jack Horner
>""Literally a fucking chicken""
>Doesn't give a fuck about theropods
>""Loves Dinosaurs""
You really don't have to octuple post.
So whats the tail for?
Bitches.
actually it was aereal
What the dog doing?
Looking forward to the next study: Flatfish Spinosaurus!
ALWAYS grow dinoschizo threads in fields.
*undoes your sage*
"Spinosaurus was NOT an aquatic dinosaur"